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alternate names: Chromomycin A3 , Toyomycin , Aburamycin
Chromomycin is a Glycosidic antibiotic from streptomyces griseus used as a fluorescent stain of DNA and as an antineoplastic agent.
Pharmacological action: antibiotics, antineoplastic, fluorescent dyes, nucleic acid synthesis inhibitors.
Chemical name: Olivomycin D, 3D-O-(4-O-acetyl-2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-alpha-L-arabino-hexopyranosyl)-7-methyl-
Chromomycin belongs to the DNA-Interactive Drugs
Chromomycin activity: DNA Minor groove binder. Chromomycin has been Demonstrated to bind certain sequences as dimer by NMR [Gao, 1989; Gao, 1990], and quantitative DNase I footprinting [Dabrowiak, 1989]
Chromomycin binds to G/C sequences, usually at least 3 consecutive G/C as determined by footprinting studies [van Dyke, 1983; Fox, 1985; Cons, 1989] and in vitro binding studies with oligonucleotides [Liu, 1994]
Dimer binding results in wide, shallow minor groove with major groove compression [Gao, 1989]. One report states that DMS methylation pattern is altered [Fox, 1985], but a conflicting report also exists [Dabrowiak, 1989]
Chromomycin : Originally isolated from Streptomyces griseus
Chromomycin and mithramycin are two DNA binding anticancer antibiotics, acting via inhibition of replication and transcription during macromolecular biosynthesis. The clinical use of chromomycin is limited because of its immuno suppressive properties and greater cytotoxic effects
chromomycin A3 interacts with chromatin and exert their deleterious effects upon its structure and hence function, with preference to H1 depleted chromatin. Histones, particularly their N-terminal tail domains stand in the way of free access of these antibiotics to the chromosomal DNA.
Chromomycin:
Chromomycin A3 inhibits influenza a virus multiplication in chick embryo fibroblast cells
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